Coverage

Coverage is calculated by dividing the modeled supply series by the corresponding demand series for CPU, accelerators, RAM, and enterprise SSD. It is a tightness ratio: 100% means supply and demand are matched, above 100% means supply is ahead, and below 100% means demand is running ahead. The available data runs from 2020 through the modeled horizon.

The companies considered are the same supplier groups used on the Supply pages: Intel, AMD, and Arm server CPU vendors; NVIDIA, AMD Instinct, and captive or merchant ASIC programs; SK hynix, Samsung, and Micron; and Samsung, SK hynix, Kioxia, Sandisk, Micron, and Solidigm for enterprise SSD.

A smaller coverage number means a tighter market. Buyers compete for limited CPU, GPU/ASIC, memory, or server SSD, so lead times stretch, allocation is more common, and vendors have more pricing power. Spot premiums and constrained SKUs show up first in those years. A rising coverage number means the stack is easing: more product is available relative to demand, and pressure on price and delivery typically fades.

Read coverage together with lead time and hyperscaler spend. Coverage says whether the bill of materials can be filled; lead time says how long the channel takes to deliver; hyperscaler CapEx says how fast demand is being funded.